Measurement

BMI Calculator: Formula, Categories, and When BMI Is Misleading (2026)

Calculate BMI, understand adult BMI categories, and learn when BMI can be misleading (muscle mass, body composition, age). Includes a free BMI calculator plus better companion metrics.

  • UpdatedJan 3, 2026
  • Reading time7 min read

BMI (Body Mass Index): what it means and how to use it

BMI (Body Mass Index) is a quick screening metric based on height and weight:

BMI = weight ÷ height²

It’s widely used because it’s fast and correlates with population-level risk—but it’s not a direct measure of body fat or health.

Quick BMI calculator

Adult BMI categories (common cutoffs)

Many sources use these adult cutoffs:

  • Underweight: < 18.5
  • Normal: 18.5–24.9
  • Overweight: 25–29.9
  • Obesity: ≥ 30

Cutoffs can vary slightly by guideline and population. Use BMI as a starting point, not a diagnosis.

When BMI can be misleading

BMI often over- or under-estimates risk when:

  • You have high muscle mass (BMI looks “high” while body fat is low)
  • Body fat distribution differs (central fat vs lower body fat)
  • You’re comparing across different ages/ethnic reference ranges

That’s why pairing BMI with waist-based metrics and body fat estimates helps.

Better companion metrics than BMI alone

FAQ

Is BMI accurate?

BMI is useful at a population level. For individuals, it can be “directionally useful” but imperfect—especially if you’re very muscular or carry fat differently.

Is BMI for kids the same?

No. For children and teens, BMI is interpreted using age/sex percentiles, not adult categories.